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BPD Symptoms
DSM-5-TR
(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision)
The DSM-5-TR outlines nine criteria for diagnosing Borderline Personality Disorder*. To be diagnosed, an individual must exhibit a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions, along with marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood. At least five of these nine criteria must be met for a diagnosis.
Fear of Abandonment
Intense, unstable relationships
Extreme emotional swings
Explosive anger
Impulsive, self-destructive behaviours
Unclear or shifting self-image
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Self-harm, suicidal ideation
Paranoia, dissociation
ICD-11 Borderline Pattern
(International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision)
The ICD-11 defines Borderline Personality Disorder* as a “Borderline Pattern” of personality disorder. To be diagnosed, a person must first meet the general definition of a personality disorder, and then show the characteristic features of the borderline pattern. The ICD-11 framework uses a dimensional approach, assessing personality disorders based on severity levels (mild, moderate, severe).
Core Features (must be present)
Fear of Abandonment
Unstable sense of self
Intense, unstable relationships
Emotional instability
Additional Features (often present)
Self-harm/suicidal behaviour
Stress-related paranoia/dissociation
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Intense anger/difficulty controlling anger
*BPD is treatable
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